point= is followed by the position of point expressed as a character count. The front of the buffer counts as position 1, one character later as 2, and so on. The next, larger, number is the total number of characters in the buffer. Afterward in parentheses comes the position expressed as a percentage of the total size.
column is followed by the horizontal position of point, in columns from the left edge of the window.
If the buffer has been narrowed, making some of the text at the beginning and the end temporarily inaccessible, C-x = displays additional text describing the currently accessible range. For example, it might display this:
Char: C (0103, 67, 0x43) point=252 of 889(28%) <231 - 599> column 0
where the two extra numbers give the smallest and largest character position that point is allowed to assume. The characters between those two positions are the accessible ones. See Narrowing.
If point is at the end of the buffer (or the end of the accessible part), the C-x = output does not describe a character after point. The output might look like this:
point=26957 of 26956(100%) column 0
C-u C-x = displays additional information about a character, in place of the buffer coordinates and column: the character set name and the codes that identify the character within that character set; ASCII characters are identified as belonging to the ASCII character set. In addition, the full character encoding, even if it takes more than a single byte, is shown after ext. Here's an example for a Latin-1 character A with a grave accent in a buffer whose coding system is iso-2022-7bit1:
Char: À (04300, 2240, 0x8c0, ext ESC , A @) (latin-iso8859-1 64)
In addition, C-u C-x = shows the font used to display the character (if the terminal supports more than one font).
Footnotes
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On terminals that support Latin-1 characters, the character shown after Char: is displayed as the actual glyph of A with grave accent.
